OPEN FILE: 3939 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA Ver. 5.1 - March 2008 NEW: UTM special zones; UPS/Polar Stereographic Projection; UTM/UPS Military system for NAD83/WGS84. CONTENTS: MATHTOOL.EXE, MATHTOOL.INI, READTOOL.TXT, FILEHELP.PDF, NTV2.bpl, MAY76.bpl, rtl70.bpl APPLICATION: GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION CONVERSION TOOL AUTHOR: David W. Lepard, Ph.D. Geological Survey of Canada (Calgary) 3303 - 33rd Street N.W. Calgary, Alberta T2L2A7 Bus: (403)292-7028 Fax: (403)292-5377 Internet: dlepard@nrcan.gc.ca ABSTRACT: This Windows application converts geographic coordinates between any pair of eleven systems; latitude and longitude as well as different grid and map projection systems. The grid systems supported are Township and Range, British Columbia's NTS-based grid system, the Canada Lands system, the UTM/UPS system, and the UTM/UPS-based Military system. The projections supported are Transverse Mercator, Polar Stereographic, Lambert Conformal, American Polyconic, and Albers Equal Area. Transformations can be done in either the NAD83, NAD27 or MAY76 datums. Use NAD83 for WGS84. Note that the Twp Rge grids are assumed to be the same in each datum with the NAD83 coordinates being obtained by application of NTV2 on the NAD27 coordinates. To use the tool the user (1)enters a location and defines its coordinates system on the input source screen, (2)defines the desired output system on the output destination screen, and (3)selects the find button. The application then calculates the location in the destination system. For File I/O the user is first given a screen with a choice of Long or Short Record format, then a screen to select the comma delimited input File. Records are of form: {source},identifier,{destination} and required quantities not specified default to the screen value. The output file has the same name as the input file except the extension is changed to '.new'. The application is a Delphi (Trade Mark) run-time module for Windows XP and 95/98/00. DESCRIPTION: The three grid systems and map projections are identical to those used in the Twpgrid open file; the projections are described by Williams (1995) and Newton (1985). See ref- erences below. (1)Township and range system (Twp/Rge tab): theoretical grid improved by adjusting for locations of provincial Oil and Gas Wells. Defined in NAD27. NAD83 grid assumed given by transforming NAD27 grid coordinates to NAD83 via NTV2. For Source Screen: (a)Enter all Area information (application will supply leading zeros and meridian direction, W, if omitted) LSD: 01-16 (required for LSD reference area) Sec: 01-36 Twp: 001-126 Rge: 01-30 (01-34 for W1) Meridian: W1-W6,E1-E3 (b)Check A-Type Township box for any fractional alt- ernate township. (c)Select the Reference Area: LSD (default), Section, or Section augmented by any road allowance on south and west sides. (d)Select the Reference Point: N, S, E, W, C represent north, south, east, west, centre, respectively. Note both section choices have identical points ex- cept for the south and west boundaries, which delimit the boundary. Default is the centre point. (e)Enter metres East and North of reference point to location of source point. Default (0, 0), is the reference point location. For Destination Screen: alternate township and reference information required; (b), (c), and (d) of above. (2)British Columbia's NTS-based grid (BC/NTS tab): latitude and longitude grid may be interpreted as either NAD27 or NAD83. Note, however, that the NAD83 Oil and Gas grid is the NAD27 grid in which all grid points are transformed to NAD83 values. For Source screen: (a)Enter all Area information (application will supply leading zeros if omitted) Qtr: A-D (required for Qtr reference area) Unit: 001-100 (10EW by 10SN) Zn: A-L (British Columbia grid; 4EW by 3SN) PQ: 000-120 (NTS primary quadrangle) or 340, 560, 780, 910 LQ: A-P (NTS letter; 4EW by 4 SN below Lat 68 A-H 2EW by 4 SN above Lat 68) Six: 01-16 (NTS sixteenth; 4EW by 4SN) (b)Select the Reference Area: Qtr (default) or Unit. (c)Select the Reference Point: N, S, E, W, C represent north, south, east, west, centre, respectively. Default is the centre point. (d)Enter metres East and North of reference point to location of source point. Default (0, 0), is the reference point location. For Destination Screen: reference information required; (b) and (c) of above. (3)Canada Lands system (Frontier tab): latitude and long- itude grid may be interpreted as either NAD27 or NAD83. For Source screen: (a)Enter all Area information (application will supply leading zeros if omitted; note section 00 refers to section 100) Unit: A-P (required for Unit reference area) Sec: 01-99, 00; Lat 40-60, 70-75 (10SN by 10EW) 01-80; Lat 60-68, 75-78 (10SN by 8EW) 01-60; Lat 68-70, 78-85 (10SN by 6EW) Lat: 00-85 (NE grid corner Latitude degrees) Min: 00-50 (NE grid corner Latitude minutes in increments of 10) Long: 000-180 (NE grid corner Longitude degrees) Min: 00-45 (NE grid corner Longitude minutes in increments of 15 below Lat 70; 30 above Lat 70) (b)Select the Reference Area: Unit (default) or Section. (c)Select the Reference Point: N, S, E, W, C represent north, south, east, west, centre, respectively. Default is the centre point. (d)Enter metres East and North of reference point to location of source point. Default (0, 0), is the reference point location. For Destination Screen: reference information required; (b) and (c) of above. (4)Latitude and Longitude (Lat/Long tab): values may be entered in either decimal degrees or degrees and decimal minutes or degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds. For Source screen: (a)Select degree or degree-minute or degree-minute-second format. Default is decimal degrees. (b)Enter the Latitude and Longitude values. For Destination screen: Select the format, (a) above. (5)Transverse Mercator projection (Mercator tab): For Source screen: (a)Enter oblique angle for oblique projection. Default is 0, for usual transverse projection. (b)Enter scale factor. Default is 0.9996 as used by UTM projections. Set to 1.0 if no scale factor is to be used. (c)Enter Easting and Northing values at projection origin. Default is (500,000, 0) as used by UTM pro- jections. (d)Enter Latitude and Longitude projection origin. Note Latitude defaults to 0 (equator). (e)Enter the Easting and Northing projection values. For Destination screen: define projection; (a), (b), (c) and (d) of above. (6)Polar Stereographic projection (Polar tab): For Source screen: (a)Enter scale factor. Default is 0.994 as used by UPS projections. Set to 1.0 if no scale factor is to be used. (b)Enter Easting and Northing values at projection origin. Default is 2,000,000 as used by UPS pro- jections. (c)Select pole for projection origin. (d)Enter the Easting and Northing projection values. For Destination screen: define projection; (a), (b) and (c) of above. (7)UTM/UPS projections (UTM/UPS tab). Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM): Extends from 80S to 84N; oblique angle is 0, scale factor is 0.9996, Easting is 500,000 at origin, and Northing is 0 at origin in northern hemisphere and 10,000,000 at origin in southern hemisphere. Latitude origin is 0 (equator) and Longitude origin is at centre of UTM zone. The UTM zone is of the form ddA where dd, 01-60, is the Longitude zone and A, C-X, is the Latitude zone. UTM Longitude zones 180W-174W-168W-162W-156W-150W-144W-138W-132W-126W-120W -------01------02------03------04------05------06------07------08------09------10------- 120W-114W-108W-102W-096W-090W-084W-078W-072W-066W-060W -------11------12------13------14------15------16------17------18------19------20------- 060W-054W-048W-042W-036W-030W-024W-018W-012W-006W-000W -------21------22------23------24------25------26------27------28------29------30------- 000E--006E--012E--018E--024E--030E--036E--042E--048E--054E--060E -------31------32------33------34------35------36------37------38------39------40------- 060E--066E--072E--078E--084E--090E--096E--102E--108E--114E--120E -------41------42------43------44------45------46------47------48------49------50------- 120E--126E--132E--138E--144E--150E--156E--162E--168E--174E--180E -------51------52------53------54------55------56------57------58------59------60------- UTM Latitude zones 80S-72S-64S-56S-48S-40S-32S-24S-16S-08S-00S -----C----D-----E-----F----G-----H-----J-----K----L-----M----- 00N-08N-16N-24N-32N-40N-48N-56N-64N-72N-84N -----N----P-----Q-----R----S-----T-----U-----V----W----X----- Special Zones: 32V has been widened to 9 degrees at expense of 31V; 33X and 35X have been widened to 12 degrees, compensated by 31X and 37X widened to 9 degrees and 32X, 34X, 36X eliminated. Origin of zones not altered. Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS): Defined on WGS84 ellipsoid; values same as those for NAD83. Extends 83.5N to 90N and 79.5S to 90S; origin is at the pole, scale factor is 0.994, Easting and Northing are 2,000,000 at origin. UPS Latitude zones West East north Y Z south A B For Source screen: (a)Select UTM/UPS and enter zone. Defaults to Northern Hemisphere and determines Latitude portion of zone if Latitude portion of zone is omitted. (b)Enter the Easting and Northing values. For Destination screen: UTM/UPS and zone, (a) above. Note zone need be entered only when forcing calculation to given zone. (8)Military system (Military tab): another form of UTM/UPS system where grid is divided into squares of side 100,000 metres. Military code is of form ENeeennn, for precision 3, where E and N are letters indicat- ing the easting and northing position of the square, and eee and nnn represent the high order digits of easting and northing after cutting off the highest digits which determine the square. The Easting UTM square designations span 3 UTM zones: A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H for first zone, J,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R for second zone, and S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z for third zone. Note that leading and trailing designations may be either missing or refer to a fractional square, depending on the lat- itude. The Northing UTM square designations range over a 20 character series A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,J,K,L,M, N,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V which occurs as many times as is needed to designate all squares in the UTM zone. Note that designations in even and odd numbered UTM longitude zones differ by 5 characters in the sequence. Note also that a precision of 3 represents values to hundreds of metres, a precision of 4 represents values to tens of metres, and a precision of 5 represents values to metres. For Source screen: (a)Select UTM/UPS and enter zone. (b)Enter the Military Code. The precision will be stated from your input value. For Destination screen: UTM/UPS and zone, (a) above. Also select the precision required for the Military Code. Note zone need be entered only when forcing calculation to given zone. (9)American Polyconic projection (PolyConic tab): For Source screen: (a)Enter Easting and Northing values at projection origin. Default is (0, 0). (b)Enter Latitude and Longitude projection origin. Note Latitude defaults to 0 (equator). (c)Enter the Easting and Northing projection values. For Destination screen: define projection; (a) and (b) of above. (10)Lambert Conformal projection (Lambert tab): For Source screen: (a)Enter Easting and Northing values at projection origin. Default is (0, 0). (b)Enter Standard Latitudes of Projection. Default is 77N and 49N, common values for Canadian maps. (c)Enter Latitude and Longitude projection origin. Note Latitude defaults to 0 (equator). (d)Enter the Easting and Northing projection values. For Destination screen: define projection; (a), (b), and (c) of above. (11)Albers Equal Area projection (Albers tab): For Source screen: (a)Enter Easting and Northing values at projection origin. Default is (500,000, 500,000). (b)Enter Standard Latitudes of Projection. Default is 68N and 61.666666N, as used for Yukon projection. (c)Enter Latitude and Longitude projection origin. Note defaults are 59N and 132.5W. (d)Enter the Easting and Northing projection values. For Destination screen: define projection; (a), (b), and (c) of above. PRECISION: Geographic and projection coordinates (metres) are given to 6 decimals and 1 decimal respectively. Conversion from Source to Destination is done via an intermediary step to 6 decimal Geographics comparable to projection coordinates given to 0.1 metres. Note that in the polar regions a lower Longitude precision, 5 decimals at 85 degrees Latitude and 4 decimals at 89.5 degrees latitude is comparable to projection coordinates given to 0.1 metres. REFERENCES: Junkins, D.R. and Farley, S.A., 1995. NTv2 National Transform- ation Version 2, Geodetic Survey Division, Geomatics Canada. Lepard, D.W. and Nairn, K.N., TWPGRID and related utilities, GSC Open File 3105. Williams, R.T., 1995, Lambert and Mercator map projections in geology and geophysics, Computers and Geosciences Vol. 21, pp. 353-364. Newton, G.D., 1985, Computer programs for common map projections, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1642. See also U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1532 and the Defence Mapping Agency Technical Manual 8358.2. DISCLAIMER: Although every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, this open file report has not been edited for conformity with Geological Survey of Canada standards.