| Titre | Regional-scale mapping of buried, surface-connected, karstic groundwater systems using dissolved gases and hydrochemical tracers |
| Télécharger | Téléchargement (publication entière) |
| |
| Licence | Veuillez noter que la Licence du gouvernement
ouvert - Canada remplace toutes les licences antérieures. |
| Auteur | Hamilton, S M; Brunton, F R; Priebe, E H |
| Source | Regional-scale groundwater geoscience in southern Ontario: an Ontario Geological Survey, Geological Survey of Canada, and Conservation Ontario open house; par Russell, H A J ; Ford, D; Priebe, E H; Commission géologique du Canada, Dossier public 8212,
2017 p. 19, https://doi.org/10.4095/299775  Accès
ouvert |
| Année | 2017 |
| Éditeur | Ressources naturelles Canada |
| Réunion | Ontario Geological Survey and Geological Survey of Canada groundwater geoscience open house; Guelph; CA; mars 1-2, 2017 |
| Document | dossier public |
| Lang. | anglais |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.4095/299775 |
| Media | en ligne; numérique |
| Référence reliée | Cette publication est contenue dans Regional-scale groundwater geoscience in southern Ontario: an Ontario Geological Survey, Geological Survey of Canada, and Conservation Ontario open house |
| Formats | pdf |
| Province | Ontario |
| SNRC | 30; 31C; 31D; 40; 41A; 41G; 41H/03; 41H/04; 41H/05; 41H/06; 41H/12; 41H/13 |
| Région | le sud de l'Ontario |
| Lat/Long OENS | -84.0000 -76.0000 46.0000 41.5000 |
| Sujets | eau souterraine; ressources en eau souterraine; aquifères; régimes des eaux souterraines; topographie karstique; techniques de cartographie; analyses du gaz naturel; gaz carbonique; oxygène; géochimie des
eaux souterraines; tritium; nitrate; bactéries; isotopes; géologie du substratum rocheux; lithologie; roches sédimentaires; carbonates; dépôts glaciaires; dépôts fluvioglaciaires; conductivité hydraulique; géochimie du pétrole sous-terrain; puits
d'eau; qualité de l'eau; substances polluantes; Formation de Lucas ; Formation de Dundee ; hydrogéologie; géochimie; géologie de l'environnement; Phanérozoïque; Cénozoïque; Quaternaire; Paléozoïque |
| Programme | Géoscience des eaux souterraines , Aquifer Assessment & support to mapping |
| Diffusé | 2017 02 22 |
| Résumé | (disponible en anglais seulement)
In 2008, the Ontario Geological Survey (OGS) released a map of known and potential karst in southern Ontario. Known karst occurs mostly in areas where glacial
overburden is thin (<1m) or absent and in many places the top of bedrock shows evidence of active, ongoing solution-enhancement. Data from deep bedrock boreholes indicate that karst in Ontario's carbonate terrains is much more widespread than can be
observed on surface and that it extends into areas covered by thick glacial sediments. Direct evidence for this pre-glacial karst includes: (1) televiewer logs and drill-core showing solution-enhanced bedding planes and sequence boundaries; (2) drill
records reporting large cavities in bedrock that are open or filled with glacio-fluvial sediments; (3) epikarst and bedrock conduits in quarries; (4) drift thickness mapping with extensive buried valleys and canyons, some that appear to form natural
bridges; and (5) thick glacial sediment-covered areas with extensive interpreted karst rubble at the bedrock surface. Traditional methods for local mapping of subsurface karst and its effects on groundwater cannot be easily adapted for regional-scale
studies. Physical techniques include tracer tests and piezometric logging of monitoring wells to detect conduits (by the rapid rise and fall of water levels); chemical techniques include monitoring, at spring vents, of pH, Ca2+, HCO3 - and saturation
indices of carbonate minerals to determine the degree of corrosiveness of groundwater. However, these are all proximal techniques that characterize individual, known systems. To date, there are no well-developed regional techniques that can map areas
where groundwater is influenced by buried karst over a wide area.
Here we describe a methodology that uses dissolved CO2 and O2 in groundwater to map areas in buried karstic carbonates that have a rapid hydraulic connection to surface. O2
originates in the atmosphere and has no geological sources. CO2 in groundwater originates largely in the soil zone and has few other geogenic sources in non-tectonic settings. Because both parameters are attenuated with increasing distance from their
sources, a CO2/O2 factor allows for an objective description of how well connected these buried karstic groundwater systems are to meteoric and soil zone recharge sources. An empirically derived lower threshold for the CO2/O2 factor delineates a
number of large regions in southern Ontario where groundwater is elevated in either or both gases; all of these are centred on areas of known karst. Groundwater analysis using tritium, nitrate and bacteria (for samples collected from secure-cap water
supply wells) show that these areas have younger, more recently recharged groundwater with a relatively rapid connection to the surface environment. Regional CO2/O2 and other chemical, isotopic and bacteriological data were purpose-filtered from the
large, publically accessible OGS Ambient Groundwater Geochemistry database. This is an exceptionally well characterized groundwater geochemical dataset for samples collected on a uniform grid from domestic, farm and monitoring wells across southern
Ontario. Mapping areas of groundwater vulnerability to surface contamination due to karstic flow systems is another of the many possible uses for this database. |
| Sommaire | (Résumé en langage clair et simple, non publié)
Procès-verbaux pour la géoscience des eaux souterraines à échelle régionale Organisée par la Commission géologique de l'Ontario, la Commission
géologique du Canada et les géoscientifiques de Conservation Ontario. La journée portes ouvertes est prévue pour 2017-03-01 et 02. L'objectif est l'engagement du public et la diffusion de la géoscience dans le sud de l'Ontario au cours de la dernière
année. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 299775 |
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