| Titre | Wetzeliella and its allies - the "hole" story: a new look at the Paleogene dinoflagellate subfamily
Wetzelielloideae |
| Auteur | Williams, G L; Damassa, S P; Fensome, R A |
| Source | The Atlantic Geoscience Society (AGS) 41st colloquium and annual meeting, program with abstracts; 2015 p. 43 |
| Liens | Online - En ligne
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| Année | 2015 |
| Séries alt. | Secteur des sciences de la Terre, Contribution externe 20150033 |
| Réunion | The Atlantic Geoscience Society (AGS) 41st colloquium and annual meeting; Sackville; CA; janvier 30-31, 2015 |
| Document | livre |
| Lang. | anglais |
| Media | papier; en ligne; numérique |
| Formats | pdf |
| Sujets | fossiles; biostratigraphie; descriptions des fossiles; morphologie des fossiles; paléontologie; stratigraphie; Cénozoïque; Mésozoïque |
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| Programme | Systèmes pétroliers de Baffin, GEM2 : La géocartographie de l'énergie et des minéraux |
| Résumé | (disponible en anglais seulement)
Dinoflagellate cysts are found as organic-walled microfossils in Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata. They have distinctive and variable morphology and evolved rapidly;
hence they have become invaluable for providing biostratigraphic control in shelfal marine sediments. Many living dinoflagellates have a distinctive cellulosic "armour" of plates, the pattern of which tends to be reflected in various ways on the
resistant organic walls of fossilizable cysts. For example, the excystment aperture (archeopyle) of cysts tends to consistently occur within a genus or species at the site of one or more specific reflected plates. The Paleogene (now extinct)
subfamily Wetzelielloideae have a stable reflected tabulation pattern distinguished by a four-sided (quadra) rather than a six-sided (hexa) mid-dorsal 2a plate. Aside from tabulation, wetzelielloideans show great morphological variability, especially
in ornamentation and horn development, but also in wall structure. This variation shows no clear trends through time, but has dominated criteria for the definitions of genera and species, leading to frustrations in attempts to use wetzelielloideans
as stratigraphic index fossils. Diversity in shape, wall structure and ornamentation has also distracted attention from the morphological variation of the archeopyle, which, although always formed through loss of the 2a plate only, shows variations
that we consider critical in unravelling the group's phylogeny, and hence stratigraphic utility. Important factors are the shape and relative dimensions of the archeopyle and whether the operculum is attached or detached. These parameters allow us to
define five archeopyle types: equiepeliform, hyperepeliform, hypersoleiform, latiepeliform and soleiform. Based primarily on archeopyle type and secondarily on wall and morphology and ornamentation, we recognise six genera with an equiepeliform
archeopyle, four with a hyperepeliform archeopyle, five with a latiepeliform archeopyle, five with a soleiform archeopyle, and one with a hypersoleiform archeopyle. The earliest-known wetzelielloideans, which occur around the Paleocene?Eocene
boundary, have an equiepeliform archeopyle. Other archeopyle types evolved rapidly: taxa with hyperepeliform, latiepeliform and hypersoleiform types are known from the Ypresian. Latiepeliform and hyperepeliform types are restricted to the Ypresian
and Lutetian. Forms with the soleiform archeopyle appeared in the late Lutetian, but were rare until the Bartonian, when they became the dominant type, and they were the only type in Priabonian and younger strata. Wetzelielloideans became extinct in
the middle Oligocene. Applying our criteria increases the usefulness of wetzelielloideans in determining the ages of Paleogene strata, as well as providing a better understanding of evolutionary trends within the group. |
| Résumé | (Résumé en langage clair et simple, non publié)
Le départ et l'extinction des espèces constituent les principales informations que nous utilisons pour les roches sédimentaires date moins de 550
millions ans (biostratigraphie). Il est donc essentiel que nous définir clairement les espèces et communiquer le concept d'espèce précisément parmi les spécialistes. Le genre Wetzeliella et ses alliés sont un groupe important de dinokystes fossiles
dans le Paléogène, mais leur utilité biostratigraphique au cours des années a été décevante en raison de divers personnages utilisés pour définir les taxons. En donnant la priorité à une caractéristique particulière, l'archeopyle, qui évolue en une
série de morphologies à travers le temps, nous pouvons limiter les gammes stratigraphiques des espèces et donc d'améliorer l'utilité stratigraphique de ce groupe de dinokystes, en particulier dans les travaux en cours sur la voie maritime du
Labrador-Baffin. Une classification plus fine est fondamentale pour un cadre biostratigraphique détaillée, qui peut être appliqué à la compréhension de l'histoire d'un bassin sédimentaire et son pétrole systeme. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 296373 |
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