| Title | Mineralogical and geochemical characterisation of the Kipawa syenite complex, Quebec: implications for rare-earth element deposits |
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| Licence | Please note the adoption of the Open Government Licence - Canada
supersedes any previous licences. |
| Author | Matte, S; Constantin, M; Stevenson, R |
| Source | Geological Survey of Canada, Scientific Presentation 129, 2022, 36 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/329212  Open Access |
| Image |  |
| Year | 2022 |
| Publisher | Natural Resources Canada |
| Meeting | Goldschmidt 2021; July 4-9, 2021 |
| Document | serial |
| Lang. | English |
| Media | digital; on-line |
| File format | pdf |
| Province | Quebec |
| NTS | 31L/09; 31L/10; 31L/15; 31L/16; 31M/01; 31M/02 |
| Lat/Long WENS | -78.8911 -78.2508 47.1142 46.7403 |
| Subjects | economic geology; mineralogy; geochemistry; tectonics; geochronology; Science and Technology; Nature and Environment; mineral exploration; mineral potential; mineral deposits; ore mineral genesis;
mineralization; ore controls; tectonic setting; metamorphism; deformation; magmatism; emplacement; partial melting; recrystallization; hydrothermal systems; metasomatism; bedrock geology; basement geology; lithology; granitic rocks; igneous rocks;
intrusive rocks; syenites; granites; monzonites; metamorphic rocks; gneisses; amphibolites; marbles; metasedimentary rocks; magmas; fluid dynamics; alteration; mineralogical analyses; geochemical analyses; trace element analyses; major element
analyses; isotopic studies; neodymium; hafnium; whole rock analyses; mass spectrometer analysis; continental crust; mantle; radiometric dating; uranium lead dating; zircon dates; Archean; Kipawa Syenite Complex; Kipawa Deposit; Grenville Province;
Lake Booth Group; Mattawa Quartzite; Red Pine Chute Gneiss; Kikwissi Suite; Ottawan Orogen; Rigolet Orogen; Precambrian; Proterozoic |
| Illustrations | location maps; geoscientific sketch maps; stratigraphic columns; schematic sections; photomicrographs; plots; ternary diagrams; Concordia diagrams; stratigraphic charts; tables |
| Program | Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI-6) Ore systems |
| Released | 2022 01 07 |
| Abstract | The Kipawa rare-earth element (REE) deposit is located in the Parautochton zone of the Grenville Province 55 km south of the boundary with the Superior Province. The deposit is part of the Kipawa
syenite complex of peralkaline syenites, gneisses, and amphibolites that are intercalated with calc-silicate rocks and marbles overlain by a peralkaline gneissic granite. The REE deposit is principally composed of eudialyte, mosandrite and
britholite, and less abundant minerals such as xenotime, monazite or euxenite. The Kipawa Complex outcrops as a series of thin, folded sheet imbricates located between regional metasediments, suggesting a regional tectonic control. Several hypotheses
for the origin of the complex have been suggested: crustal contamination of mantle-derived magmas, crustal melting, fluid alteration, metamorphism, and hydrothermal activity. Our objective is to characterize the mineralogical, geochemical, and
isotopic composition of the Kipawa complex in order to improve our understanding of the formation and the post-formation processes, and the age of the complex.
The complex has been deformed and metamorphosed with evidence of
melting-recrystallization textures among REE and Zr rich magmatic and post magmatic minerals. Major and trace element geochemistry obtained by ICP-MS suggest that syenites, granites and monzonite of the complex have within-plate A2 type anorogenic
signatures, and our analyses indicate a strong crustal signature based on TIMS whole rock Nd isotopes. We have analyzed zircon grains by SEM, EPMA, ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS coupled with laser ablation (Lu-Hf). Initial isotopic results also support a
strong crustal signature. Taken together, these results suggest that alkaline magmas of the Kipawa complex/deposit could have formed by partial melting of the mantle followed by strong crustal contamination or by melting of metasomatized continental
crust. These processes and origins strongly differ compare to most alkaline complexes in the world. Additional TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS analyses are planned to investigate whether all lithologies share the same strong crustal signature. |
| Summary | (Plain Language Summary, not published)
This scientific presentation under the TGI sub-activity 'Critical minerals within carbonatite, syenite, and allied peralkaline-alkaline rocks in the
central and eastern parts of the Canadian Shield: where, when and how were they formed' presents the mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic characteristics of the Kipawa syenite complex (host of the Kipawa rare-earth element deposit) to improve our
understanding of the formation and post-formation processes and better constrain the age of the complex. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 329212 |
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