| Title | Provenance and Paleozoic tectonic evolution of Ganderia and its relationships with Avalonia and Megumia in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen |
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| Author | van Staal, C R; Barr, S M; Waldron, J W F; Schofield, D I; Zagorevski, A ; White, C E |
| Source | Gondwana Research vol. 98, 2021 p. 212-243, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2021.05.025 |
| Image |  |
| Year | 2021 |
| Alt Series | Natural Resources Canada, Contribution Series 20210201 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
| Document | serial |
| Lang. | English |
| Media | paper; on-line; digital |
| File format | pdf; html |
| Province | New Brunswick; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nova Scotia; Prince Edward Island |
| Area | Canada |
| Lat/Long WENS | -78.6139 -48.7111 53.5403 37.9269 |
| Lat/Long WENS | -12.2569 2.5183 59.5789 49.7244 |
| Subjects | Science and Technology; tectonics; Ganderia; Avalonia; Megumia; Iapetus; Rheic; Paleozoic |
| Illustrations | location maps; diagrams; photographs; stratigraphic sections; charts |
| Program | Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI-6) Ore systems |
| Released | 2021 06 16 |
| Abstract | West and East Ganderia in the northern Appalachians and Caledonides, respectively, represent a Gondwanan superterrane situated along the Tornquist margin of Amazonia prior to Furongian drift into the
Iapetus Ocean, which opened the Rheic Ocean from west to east. The ocean-facing Penobscot arc-backarc system was established by 515 Ma in West Ganderia. A correlative arc formed at ca. 480 Ma in East Ganderia. In West Ganderia, the Tremadocian
Penobscottian orogeny involved closure of the Penobscot backarc basin. Tremadocian Monian tectonism in East Ganderia was mainly related to oblique accretion to East Avalonia and the Megumian Cymru terrane. Penobscottian and late Floian Monian
orogenesis led to termination of Early Ordovician arc magmatism, probably due to shallow subduction of buoyant oceanic lithosphere. Early to Middle Ordovician arc-backarc systems were erected on Penobscottian-Monian modified West and East Ganderia.
The active edge of West Ganderia accreted diachronously to peri-Laurentia between 475 Ma and 455 Ma, followed by Wenlock to Ludlow Salinic accretion of the inboard Gander margin through closure of the intervening backarc basin. In the Caledonides,
East Ganderia and East Avalonia accreted to Laurentia during the correlative Wenlock Scandian orogeny. The Ordovician to Silurian tectonic evolution of Ganderia was markedly non-cylindrical with pronounced partitioning of Salinic-Scandian
convergence. Pridoli to Lochkovian closure of the Acadian seaway in the northern Appalachians led to Acadian accretion of West Avalonia to composite Laurentia. Shallow Early Devonian underthrusting of West and East Avalonia beneath Laurentia produced
widespread Acadian tectonism and voluminous Early Devonian Acadian magmatism. The Appalachian Meguma terrane formed part of Megumia, which probably formed originally adjacent to East Avalonia and West Africa. The Meguma terrane accreted dextrally to
Laurentia during and after the late Emsian to Famennian Neoacadian orogeny, mainly driven by outboard subduction of the Rheic Ocean. No correlative terrane docking took place in the Caledonides. |
| Summary | (Plain Language Summary, not published)
The origin and tectonic evolution of ganderia, which is the most mineralised and largest accreted terrane in the Canadian Appalachians is reviewed in
detail. It is proposed that Ganderia is a piece of the Amazonian craton that rifted-off at ca. 490 Ma (late Cambrian) and started to drift in the Iapetus Ocean towards the North American continent (Laurentia). In the process Ganderia was divided into
several pieces due to backarc rifting, some of which interacted with West African craton-derived terranes (Avalonia and Megumia) before their accretion to Laurentia. Rifting of Ganderia, Avalonia and Megumia diachronously opened the Rheic Ocean in
their wake. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 328688 |
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