| Title | Temporal and spatial evolution of orogens: a guide for geological mapping |
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| Author | François, C; Pubellier, M; Robert, C; Bulois, C; Jamaludin, S N F; Oberhänsli, R; Faure, M; St-Onge, M R; IGCP 667 Team |
| Source | Episodes 2021 p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2021/021025  Open Access |
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| Year | 2021 |
| Alt Series | Natural Resources Canada, Contribution Series 20210125 |
| Publisher | International Union of Geological Sciences |
| Document | serial |
| Lang. | English |
| Media | paper; digital; on-line |
| File format | pdf |
| Subjects | tectonics; Science and Technology; Nature and Environment; plate tectonics; tectonic evolution; orogenies; orogenic regions; plate margins; oceanic crust; continental crust; rifts; crustal shortening;
basin geometry; orogenesis; geodynamics; models; Archean; Trans-Hudson Orogeny; Manikewan Ocean; Caledonian Orogeny; Iapetus Ocean; Variscan Orogeny; Uralian Orogeny; Rheic Ocean; Uralian Ocean; Alpine Orogeny; Neo-Tethys Ocean; Alpine Tethys Ocean;
Wilson Cycle; Classification; Phanerozoic; Cenozoic; Mesozoic; Paleozoic; Precambrian; Proterozoic |
| Illustrations | 3-D models; schematic models; tables; geoscientific sketch maps; stratigraphic charts; photographs |
| Program | Open Geoscience |
| Program | IGCP Project 667 - World Map of the
Orogens |
| Released | 2021 10 01 |
| Abstract | Orogens develop in convergent settings involving two or more continental and/or oceanic plates. They are traditionally defined as zones of crustal deformation associated with mountain building resulting
from either accretion of a terrane and/or an arc, continent-continent collision or rift-inversion. However, this definition does not consider the genetic link between an oceanic domain and an intracontinental rift, even though extension associated
with a scissor-shape opening can be demonstrated in many ocean-floored basins. Consequently, we propose a new concept of orogenic evolution based on the development of extensional margins subsequently subjected to crustal shortening. Thus orogens
that develop as a result of the closure of wide basins, are distinguished from mountain belts developed above subduction zones or that result from continental collision and inverted intra-continental rifts. Our review of several key orogens
identifies similarities and differences in geodynamic processes through geological time including prior to the onset of plate tectonics ca. 2.5 Ga. We propose that mapping based on comparative tectonics is a good way to constrain such an evolution,
and that this can start with a global-scale map of past-to-modern orogens aimed at re-exploring mountain building concepts spatially and temporarily. This is the primary objective of IGCP 667 project 'World Map of Orogens'. |
| Summary | (Plain Language Summary, not published)
Orogens develop in settings involving two or more continental and/or oceanic plates. We propose a new concept of orogenic evolution based on the
development of extensional margins subsequently subjected to crustal shortening. Thus orogens that develop as a result of the closure of wide basins, and involve the shortening of basins and arcs, are distinguished from mountain belts developed above
subduction zones or that result from continental collision. Our review of a number of key orogens identifies apparent similarities and differences through geological time and emphasizes the lateral spatial and temporal changes that may occur from a
subduction to a collisional setting. As we go back in time, key tectonic attributes are apparently lost in many cases (but tellingly not all) due to a lack of data, a lack of understanding, or the deeper levels of erosion generally associated with
older orogens. We propose that mapping utilizing tools based on comparative tectonics to understand old terrains and fault zones is a good way to constrain such an evolution and that this can start with a global-scale map of past-to-modern orogens,
aimed at re-exploring mountain building concepts spatially and temporarily. This is the primary objective of IGCP 667 project "World Map of Orogens". |
| GEOSCAN ID | 328440 |
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