| Title | Interface mapping of hydrochemical groundwater regimes in the Paleozoic bedrock of southwestern Ontario |
| Download | Download (whole publication) |
| |
| Licence | Please note the adoption of the Open Government Licence - Canada
supersedes any previous licences. |
| Author | Carter, T R; Sutherland, L |
| Source | Southern Ontario groundwater project 2014-2019: summary report; by Russell, H A J (ed.); Kjarsgaard, B A (ed.); Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8536, 2020 p. 37-48, https://doi.org/10.4095/321083  Open Access |
| Year | 2020 |
| Publisher | Natural Resources Canada |
| Document | open file |
| Lang. | English |
| Media | on-line; digital |
| Related | This publication is contained in Southern Ontario
groundwater project 2014-2019: summary report |
| File format | pdf |
| Province | Ontario |
| NTS | 30; 31C; 31D; 40; 41A; 41G; 41H |
| Lat/Long WENS | -83.5000 -76.0000 45.3333 41.5000 |
| Subjects | hydrogeology; geochemistry; fossil fuels; Nature and Environment; Science and Technology; groundwater; groundwater resources; aquifers; groundwater geochemistry; groundwater regimes; groundwater flow;
zoning; salinity; brine; sulphur water; meteoric waters; hydrogen sulphide gas; petroleum resources; petroleum engineering; oil wells; gas wells; water wells; drilling; modelling; geochemical analyses; total dissolved solids; bedrock geology;
lithology; sedimentary rocks; evaporites; salt; sandstones; shales; limestones; carbonates; dolostones; Lockport Group; Guelph Formation; Gasport Formation; Goat Island Formation; Salina Group; Port Lambton Group; Kettle Point Formation; Hamilton
Group; Marcellus Formation; Dundee Formation; Lucas Formation; Onondaga Formation; Amherstburg Formation; Sylvania Formation; Bois Blanc Formation; Bass Islands Formation; Clinton Formation; Cataract Formation; Queenston Formation; Georgian Bay
Formation; Blue Mountain Formation; Trenton Group; Black River Group; Shadow Lake Formation; Fresh water; Phanerozoic; Paleozoic; Devonian; Silurian; Ordovician; Cambrian |
| Illustrations | tables; stratigraphic cross-sections; location maps; geoscientific sketch maps; stratigraphic charts; frequency distribution diagrams |
| Program | Groundwater Geoscience Aquifer Assessment & support to mapping |
| Released | 2020 05 28 |
| Abstract | Groundwater in southern Ontario exhibits a crude hydrochemical zonation, by increasing depth, of shallow fresh water, brackish to saline sulphur water at intermediate depths, and deep brine, within a
system of thin aquifers separated by thick aquitards. Aquifers are recharged by meteoric water at their outcrop and subcrop edges. The present study has mapped geographic variations in the interpreted depth of the interface/transition zone between
the intermediate sulphur water regime and deep brine. Available data indicates a regional depth transition from brackish-to-saline sulphur water to deep brine at approximately 200 to 300 m below the top of bedrock and locally to 350 m, with local
variation largely related to down-dip distance from subcrop/outcrop edges. The intermediate regime is interpreted to be formed by penetration of both modern meteoric water and glacial meltwater into subcropping/outcropping porous and permeable
bedrock strata, with downdip flow over a distance of 25 to 65 km, and partial to complete displacement and dilution of original pore fluids. Stratigraphically, the water of the shallow and intermediate regimes is generally confined above the Salina
Group. The interface boundary with deep brine approximates the base of interaction of groundwater with surface water and can be used as a depth constraint for downward penetration of meteoric water in numeric modelling. Accurate knowledge of
interface boundary depths is also needed in design of petroleum well drilling, casing and cement programs to mitigate drilling hazards posed by corrosive sulphur water and potential release of H2S gas at surface. The maps can be used as a constraint
on the drilling depth of new water wells, as at deeper depths progressively more saline waters will likely be encountered. |
| Summary | (Plain Language Summary, not published)
Collection of papers on work completed in the past five years as part of the southern Ontario Groundwater Project. This edited volume is a collection of
currently unreported work. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 321083 |
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