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Title	Trace element analysis of high-Mg olivine by LA-ICP-MS - characterization of natural olivine standards for matrix-matched calibration and application to mantle peridotites
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Author	Bussweiler, Y; Giuliani, A; Greig, A; Kjarsgaard, B A; Petts, D; Jackson, S E; Barrett, N; Luo, Y; Pearson, D G
Source	Chemical Geology vol. 524, 2019 p. 136-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.06.019
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Year	2019
Alt Series	Natural Resources Canada, Contribution Series 20190155
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Document	serial
Lang.	English
Media	paper; on-line; digital
File format	pdf (Adobe® Reader®); html
Subjects	igneous and metamorphic petrology; geochemistry; Science and Technology; bedrock geology; lithology; igneous rocks; peridotites; intrusive rocks; kimberlites; volcanic rocks; basalts; mantle; olivine; magnesium; analytical methods; trace element analyses; mass spectrometer analysis; electron probe analyses; scanning electron microscope analyses; Methodology; Standards
Illustrations	bar graphs; tables; plots; photomicrographs
Program	GEM: Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals Diamonds
Released	2019 06 18
Abstract	The trace element composition of olivine is becoming increasingly important in petrological studies due to the ubiquity of olivine in the Earth's upper mantle and in primitive magmatic rocks. The LA-ICP-MS method allows for the routine analysis of trace elements in olivine to sub-ppm levels, but a major drawback of this method is the lack of knowledge about possible downhole fractionation effects when non matrix-matched calibration is used. In this contribution, we show that matrix-matched (i.e., olivine-based) calibration is preferable for small laser spot sizes (<100 micrometres) due to significant laser-induced inter-element fractionation between olivine and commonly used silicate glass calibration materials, e.g., NIST SRM 612, GSD-1G and BHVO-2G. As a result, we present two Mg-rich natural olivine standards (355OL and SC-GB) that have been characterized by independent methods (EPMA, solution ICPMS), and by LA-ICP-MS in four different laboratories. These natural olivines have been used 1) as primary standards for the matrix-matched calibration of olivine samples for most elements of interest (e.g., Li, Na, Al, P, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), and 2) as secondary standards to assess the accuracy of results. Comparison of olivine- and silicate glass-calibrated results for natural peridotitic olivine reveals that matrix-matched calibration is essential when using small laser spot sizes (<100 micrometres) in order to mitigate downhole fractionation effects for certain elements, especially Na, P, Mn, Co, Ni and Zn. If matrix-matched calibration is not feasible, we recommend that spot sizes of greater than or equal to 100 micrometres, laser fluence of less than or equal to 4.0 J/cm2, and total laser shot counts of less than or equal to 250 (e.g., 5 Hz repetition rate for 50 s) are used in order to minimize fractionation effects between olivine and silicate glass calibration materials. We demonstrate the applicability of matrix-matched calibration on olivine from a suite of different mantle peridotite xenoliths sampled by kimberlites and alkali basalts from on-craton and off-craton localities.
GEOSCAN ID	315046