| Title | The collapse of Bárðarbunga caldera, Iceland |
| Author | Riel, B; Milillo, P; Simons, M; Lundgren, P; Kanamori, H; Samsonov, S |
| Source | Geophysical Journal International vol. 202, issue 1, 2015 p. 446-453, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv157 (Open Access) |
| Year | 2015 |
| Alt Series | Earth Sciences Sector, Contribution Series 20150214 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) |
| Document | serial |
| Lang. | English |
| Media | paper; digital; on-line |
| File format | pdf |
| Area | Bárðarbunga caldera; Iceland |
| Lat/Long WENS | -21.9167 -18.7500 65.5833 64.7500 |
| Subjects | geophysics; remote sensing; geodesy; satellite geodesy; volcanoes; volcanology; magmatism; Bárðarbunga caldera |
| Illustrations | models; satellite images; location maps |
| Released | 2015 05 08 |
| Abstract | Lying below Vatnaj¨okull ice cap in Iceland, Bararbunga stratovolcano began experiencing wholesale caldera collapse in 2014 August 16, one of the largest such events recorded in the modern instrumental
era. Simultaneous with this collapse is the initiation of a plate boundary rifting episode north of the caldera. Observations using the international constellation of radar satellites indicate rapid 50 cm d-1 subsidence of the glacier surface
overlying the collapsing caldera and metre-scale crustal deformation in the active rift zone. Anomalous earthquakes around the rim of the caldera with highly nondouble-couple focal mechanisms provide a mechanical link to the dynamics of the
collapsing magma chamber. A model of the collapse consistent with available geodetic and seismic observations suggests that the majority of the observed subsidence occurs aseismically via a deflating sill-like magma chamber. |
| GEOSCAN ID | 296922 |
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