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Soil temperature in Canada during the twentieth century: complex responses to atmospheric climate change; Zhang, Y; Chen, W;
Smith, S L; Riseborough, D W; Cihlar, J. Journal of Geophysical Research vol. 110, no. D3, D03112, 2005,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004910 (ESS Cont.# 2005031)